The Use Of The Present And Past Participle

                                                            "Present Participle"

>> The present or active particple form (Verb-1 + ing) is an active verb form that is used: as an adjective. to form a continuous tennse, affter the verbs of senses, after the words: cactch-cauh/find-found+object+verb-1+ing, after the word: have +object+verb-1+ing, and other,  for example:

• The girl dancing is my sister.
• She is writing a letter.
• I saw the man using the computer.
• I found her sleeping under the tree. 
• He had me driving in a week.
• I spend five million renovating my house.
• She went out shouting fiercely. 
• Opening his suitcase, he got out his money.
• Entering the Faculty of Medicine at Muhammdiyah University, he began to feel confident.
• The students waiting for the bus look very tired.

"Past Participle"

>> The past passive participle form is a passive verb form is used : as an adjective, to form the present perfect tense or passive voice, and can replace subject+passive verb, for example:

• The soldiers who were wounded are sent to the local hospital.
• He has seen that film.
• This car is made in Japan.
• He entered the room, accompanied by his bodyuards.
• Convinced that the flood would hit Jakarta, he moved to Bogor that evening.
• Having been informed that he became the winner, he held a thankgiving party.
• Having been elected Miss Indonesia, she had a heavy duty since then.
• Not having been notified of the cancellation of the time of departure, Ali arrived early.

Negative inversion

negative inversion

1.    Never does she say such bad words.

2.    Never did she say such bad words.

3.    Never has she said such bad words.

4.    Never had she said such bad words.

5.    Never can she say such bad words.

1.    Not only do I do my assignment, but also I watch television.

2.    Not only did I do my assignment, but also I watched television.

3.    Not only have I done my assignment, but also I have watched television.

4.    Not only had I done my assignment, but also I had watched television.

5.    Not only will I do my assignment, but also I will watch television.

1.    Seldom does she drink a juice.

2.    Seldom did she drink a juice.

3.    Seldom has she drunk a juice.

4.    Seldom had she drunk a juice.

5.    Seldom will she drink a juice.

1.    Rarely does she go to cafe every morning.

2.    Rarely did she go to café every morning.

3.    Rarely has she gone to café every morning.

4.    Rarely had she gone to café every morning.

5.    Rarely can she go to café every morning.

1.    Not once do I forget an answer.

2.    Not once did I forget an answer.

3.    Not once have I forgotten an answer.

4.    Not once had I forgotten an answer.

5.    Not once can I forget an answer.

1.    At no time does she speak English.

2.    At no time did she speak English.

3.    At no time has she spoken English.

4.    At no time had she spoken English.

5.    At no time will she speak English.

1.    Hardly ever do I get something.

2.    Hardly ever did I get something.

3.    Hardly ever have I gotten something.

4.    Hardly ever had I gotten something.

5.    Hardly ever can I get something.

1.    Only rarely does he tell me something.

2.    Only rarely did he tell me something.

3.    Only rarely has he told me something.

4.    Only rarely had he told me something.

5.    Only rarely can he tell me something.